Overview:

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs characterized by an underactive thyroid gland. This condition leads to a deficiency in thyroid hormones, which are crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and energy levels. Without adequate thyroid hormones, a dog’s body cannot maintain normal physiological functions.

Causes:

  • Autoimmune Thyroiditis: The most frequent cause, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland.
  • Thyroid Gland Atrophy: Gradual loss of thyroid tissue leading to decreased hormone production.
  • Tumors: Rarely, tumors on the thyroid gland can cause hypothyroidism.
  • Congenital Conditions: Some dogs are born with thyroid gland issues that lead to hypothyroidism.

Symptoms:

  • Weight Gain: Unexplained weight increase despite normal diet and exercise.
  • Lethargy: Reduced energy levels and reluctance to exercise.
  • Cold Intolerance: Sensitivity to cold temperatures, seeking warm places.
  • Skin Changes: Dry, flaky skin, hair loss, and dull coat.
  • Ear Infections: Frequent ear infections or inflammation.
  • Behavioral Changes: Increased irritability or depression.

Diagnosis:

To diagnose hypothyroidism, a veterinarian will typically perform:

  • Physical Examination: Assessing symptoms and overall health.
  • Blood Tests: Measuring levels of thyroid hormones (T4, T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to determine thyroid function.
  • Thyroid Function Tests: Specific tests to evaluate thyroid gland activity.

Treatment:

  • Thyroid Hormone Replacement: The primary treatment is daily oral medication with synthetic thyroid hormones, usually levothyroxine.
  • Monitoring: Regular follow-up visits are necessary to adjust medication dosages and monitor thyroid hormone levels.
  • Diet and Weight Management: Adjusting diet and managing weight may be recommended to support overall health.

Prognosis:

With appropriate treatment, most dogs with hypothyroidism can lead normal, healthy lives. Lifelong medication is often required, and regular veterinary check-ups are essential to manage the condition effectively.

When to Seek Veterinary Care:

If you notice any signs of hypothyroidism in your dog, such as weight gain, lethargy, or skin changes, it’s important to consult with a veterinarian. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and improve your dog’s quality of life.

Contact Us:

For more information or to schedule a walk-in visit, contact Mission Veterinary Clinic:

Note: Mission Veterinary Clinic is an urgent care facility that operates on a walk-in basis. We do not take appointments and see patients based on severity. Once we reach capacity, we must stop seeing clients.

For additional information about our services, please visit missionvet.com.